TLDR: Vietnam has completed a comprehensive policy framework for artificial intelligence governance, aiming to balance innovation with ethical and legal safeguards. The framework emphasizes responsible development, international cooperation, and clear accountability for AI-related outcomes, building on previous legislative efforts and aligning with global standards.
Hanoi, Vietnam – September 20, 2025 – Vietnam has officially completed a comprehensive policy framework for the governance of artificial intelligence (AI), marking a significant step towards fostering responsible innovation in the rapidly evolving technological landscape. This new framework is designed to navigate the dual nature of AI as a powerful driver of economic, cultural, and social progress, while simultaneously addressing the complex ethical and legal challenges it presents.
The finalized policy framework underscores a commitment to fostering genuine innovation and promoting international cooperation in the AI sector. Key measures outlined include the implementation of tax incentives, the establishment of dedicated research and development support funds, and the widespread deployment of controlled experimentation programs, often referred to as “AI sandboxes.” The success of these initiatives is intrinsically linked to the availability of high-quality human resources and the cultivation of a flexible legal environment.
A cornerstone of the new governance model is the embedding of ethical principles and social responsibility directly into the legal framework and technical standards from the outset. Recognizing that AI is not a legal entity capable of will, morality, or legal responsibility, the framework explicitly attributes any negative consequences arising from AI use to the individuals or organizations involved. This clarity aims to provide a solid foundation for defining boundaries and responsibilities in data processing, thereby encouraging safe innovation within businesses and research institutions. The framework also seeks to align Vietnam’s AI development trajectory with international best practices and standards.
A crucial provision within this new legal structure mandates cooperation and information sharing among developers, distributors, and users of AI systems. These legally binding mechanisms are particularly vital for strengthening governance capacity, especially concerning high-risk AI applications.
This latest development builds upon a series of proactive regulatory efforts by the Vietnamese government. In June 2024, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) issued Decision No. 1290/QD-BKHCN, which laid out nine fundamental principles for responsible AI research and development. These principles highlighted transparency, safety, security, privacy, and respect for human rights as essential components for ethical AI deployment. Furthermore, in October 2024, Vietnam was actively drafting legislation for the broader digital technology sector, including specific regulations for AI.
Earlier, on December 22, 2024, the Political Bureau issued Resolution No. 57-NQ/TW, a directive reinforced by General Secretary To Lam on January 13, 2025. This resolution outlined four pillars for driving digital technology innovation, with AI as a central focus. A key tenet was “flexible governance,” moving away from a restrictive “if you can’t manage it, ban it” approach in lawmaking, and emphasizing the development of integrated infrastructure to support safe and efficient AI growth. Preceding these efforts, Decree No. 13/2023/ND-CP, effective July 1, 2023, established data protection standards akin to the EU’s GDPR, permitting AI research and development using personal data, provided data subjects are informed and retain the right to withdraw consent.
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The overarching goal of these comprehensive legal measures is to support the growth of Vietnam’s digital industry, effectively address AI-related risks, and provide much-needed clarity for businesses and investors operating within the country’s burgeoning AI landscape. This strategic approach positions Vietnam as a leader in establishing a supportive and responsible legal framework for artificial intelligence in the ASEAN region.
